Abstract
Gender remains one of the most contested and analytically rich concepts in the social sciences and humanities. This paper critically examined gender as a social construct, distinguishing it from biological sex while exploring its embeddedness in cultural, religious, and socio-political systems. Drawing on key theoretical perspectives such as functionalism, feminism, and social constructionism, the study examined how gender roles are produced, maintained, and transformed within the Itam Clan of Itu Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State. Particular attention was given to the African context, where indigenous traditions, colonial legacies, and religious influences intersect to shape gender norms. The paper further argued that gender is neither static nor universal but is continuously negotiated through power relations and institutional frameworks. It concluded by emphasizing the need for inclusive, context-sensitive approaches to gender discourse that promote equity and social justice in Itam society.
Keywords: Gender, Social Construct, Feminist Theory, Patriarchy, African Gender Systems, Gender Inequality, Gender-Based Violence
Authors:
Eton, Clement Usen PhD
Department of Religious and Cultural Studies, Faculty of Arts,
University of Uyo, Nigeria
clementeton71@gmail.com, clementueton@uniuyo.edu.ng
Utip, Imaobong Michael
Department of Religious and Cultural Studies, Faculty of Arts,
University of Uyo, Nigeria
Edeheudim, Israel Jonah
Department of Religious and Cultural Studies, Faculty of Arts,
University of Uyo, Nigeria